A 2022 systematic review and meta-analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials (614 patients) examined pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) treatments, including cases using pulsed shortwave therapy (PST), on knee and hand osteoarthritis (OA) in adults. The review evaluated pain (using VAS/WOMAC), stiffness, and physical function.
- Pain relief: PEMF improved pain with a standardized mean difference (SMD) of 0.71 (95% CI: 0.08-1.34, p = 0.03)
- Stiffness reduction: SMD of 1.34 (95% CI: 0.45-2.23, p = 0.003)
- Physical function restoration: SMD of 1.52 (95% CI: 0.49—2.55, p = 0.004)
The findings highlight significant benefits in alleviating pain, reducing stiffness, and improving physical function in adults with OA compared to other conservative treatments.
